80%). The morphological variations observed in cenantos of these two species are related to the dispersion type (pollen and seeds). The dispersion of seeds is autochorous (autochory). D. bonijesu showed hydrochory dispersion, unprecedented for this genus. The species showed an aggregated distribution pattern, confirmed by Morisita`s dispersion index (Id) and standardized Morisita index (Ip). D. arifolia produced, continuously, leaves and cenantos with only flowers, there was no significant correlation between these phenophases with precipitation levels and temperature. Due to human action, changes occurred in their phenology. D. bonijesu showed a unique phenological pattern: the species lost leaves in the dry and cold season; the emission of leaves and cenantos have a significant correlation with precipitation levels and temperature. The fruiting in both species occurred in the rainy season and showed a positive correlation with abiotic factors. The data showed high values for flowering synchrony between individuals and between populations of D. arifolia and D. bonijesu. These species showed similar habits (are herbaceous) and habitat (sub-woods shaded and wet) and troubles (fragmentation of their habitat). It was considered the hypothesis that these species could also have similar reproductive strategies. However, it was different: D. arifolia is sexual and produces clones (modular units) and D. bonijesu produces seeds without fertilization (Apomixis or agamospermy) and does not produce clones. This paper reported the pollination by flies in Dorstenia arifolia (Myophily). It was found two species of pollinators: one of them is from Lauxaniidae family (Diptera). The pollination was passive and the main resources used were the pollen and cenantos (as oviposition site). The fly, morph-specie 2, oviposits in pistillate flowers and its larvae parasitize the ovule. The fly morph-specie 1 (Lauxaniidae: Diptera) oviposits in the cenantos and its larvae feeds the cenanto tissues. This is the first proven report about phytophagy of Lauxaniidae larvae. Despite of the similar habitat and habits, the answers to the risks related to the permanence of the D. arifolia and D. bonijesu populations are specific to each specie, due to peculiarities related to reproductive biology. Projects for conservation of rare species should consider these peculiarities. Furthermore, many aspects of plants population biology (and pollinators, when applicable) must be taken into account to ensure gene flow and survival of the remaining species."/>
